Vol 5, No 2 (2025)

Gizi lebih pada remaja perlu mendapat perhatian karena dapat menimbulkan gangguan pada fungsi tubuh remaja yang cenderung berlanjut hingga dewasa dan usia lanjut. Gizi lebih pada remaja dapat disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan antara asupan dan pengeluaran energi, riwayat pola makan tinggi kalori, serta kurangnya pengetahuan tentang gizi. Teknologi kesehatan digital berpotensi menjadi sumber pembelajaran bagi remaja dan memberikan pengaruh penting terhadap pengetahuan dan perilaku remaja. Penyuluhan gizi menggunakan media aplikasi dapat menjadi sarana untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan dan memperkuat perilaku sehat khususnya bagi remaja yang mengalami kelebihan berat badan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, dan pola makan sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan menggunakan media aplikasi Vitanutrihealth pada remaja kelebihan berat badan di SMA Negeri 2 Malang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian pra eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pre test post test design . Uji statistik yang digunakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja sebelum dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan menggunakan paired sample t-test, sedangkan pola makan remaja menggunakan uji Wilcoxon signed test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan skor rata-rata pengetahuan remaja sebelum penyuluhan sebesar 60,53 termasuk dalam kategori cukup, setelah penyuluhan meningkat menjadi 81,32 termasuk dalam kategori baik. Rata-rata sikap remaja sebelum penyuluhan sebesar 26,84 termasuk dalam kategori sikap tidak mendukung, setelah penyuluhan meningkat menjadi 28,82 termasuk dalam kategori sikap mendukung. Rata-rata pola makan remaja sebelum penyuluhan sebesar 348,4 termasuk dalam kategori kurang beragam, setelah penyuluhan meningkat menjadi 559,7 termasuk dalam kategori pola makan beragam. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, dan pola makan antara sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan menggunakan media aplikasi vitanutrihealth (p<0,05).

The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia has reached only 66.1%, falling short of the global target of 70% by 2030. This indicates that breastfeeding practices remain suboptimal. This study aims to analyze the relationship between maternal knowledge, educational level, family support, and food taboos with exclusive breastfeeding practices in the working area of Sigenti Public Health Center, Tinombo Selatan Subdistrict, Parigi Moutong Regency. A quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach was employed. The study population consisted of 126 mothers, from which a sample of 95 respondents was obtained using the Slovin formula and purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results revealed a significant association between maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding practices (p = 0.001). However, no significant relationships were found between educational level (p = 0.454), family support (p = 0.267), and food taboos (p = 0.513) with exclusive breastfeeding practices. The study concludes that low maternal knowledge is a key factor contributing to the suboptimal practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Additionally, other influencing factors such as community perceptions and the role of healthcare providers were also identified

Early menarche is the first menstruation in girls that occurs at the age of under 12 years. Early menarche is an important phenomenon that can affect the health and development of girls. Early menarche can cause several other health problems such as breast cancer in girls due to longer exposure to estrogen and progesterone. This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and physical activity with early menarche in school-age children in Bekasi City. This study was conducted in East Bekasi District, which is one of the districts in Bekasi City with a fairly heterogeneous female population with a sample of 122 female students taken using the consecutive sampling method. This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design, which allows researchers to collect data simultaneously on independent variables (nutritional status and physical activity) and dependent variables (early menarche). Data were collected through questionnaires, and will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods to determine the relationship between the variables studied.

The Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) is a national tool for monitoring population nutritional status and serves as an evidence base for policy formulation. The accuracy of nutritional prevalence estimates depends on the quality of survey implementation and validation. This study aimed to evaluate the validation process of the 2024 SSGI in East Kalimantan Province, specifically in Samarinda City and Penajam Paser Utara District. A descriptive-evaluative design was applied between July and August 2024, involving households and individuals from validation clusters according to the 2024 sampling design. Data collection included anthropometric measurements, household and individual interviews, field observations, and document reviews, complemented by in-depth interviews with enumerators, validators, and supervisors. Quantitative analysis was performed to calculate procedural deviations, while qualitative thematic analysis was applied to identify recurring challenges related to training adequacy, logistics, supervision, and data quality assurance, with triangulation and inter-rater reliability checks used to strengthen validity. Results show that geographical and accessibility constraints, administrative barriers during sample updating, insufficient technical guidelines, and inconsistent recruitment mechanisms hindered the input stage. At the process stage, deviations were observed in anthropometric measurements, hygiene protocol adherence, and interview completeness, while environmental conditions, limited facilities, and weak coordination influenced the output stage. These findings highlight gaps between standardized protocols and field practices that may compromise data validity. Systemic improvements are required through updated sampling frames, written technical guidelines, practice-based training, layered supervision, and context-specific adaptation strategies to strengthen future national nutrition surveys.

Anemia in pregnancy remains a major public health concern due to its adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcomes. Nutritional inadequacy and poor adherence to iron–folic acid (IFA) supplementation are key contributors to anemia among pregnant women in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the association between nutritional adequacy levels and IFA tablet consumption with anemia incidence in pregnant women. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2024 at Pulo Armyn Public Health Center, Bogor City, involving 86 pregnant women in their first and second trimesters selected through purposive random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and 2×24-hour dietary recalls, while hemoglobin levels were obtained from medical records. Statistical analysis employed the Spearman rank correlation test. The results showed no significant association between macronutrient (energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate) and micronutrient (calcium, folate, iron, vitamin C) adequacy levels with anemia incidence (p > 0.05). However, a significant negative correlation was found between adherence to IFA tablet consumption and anemia incidence (p = 0.004; r = –0.311). Pregnant women with good adherence to IFA supplementation exhibited lower anemia prevalence compared to those with poor adherence. These findings underscore the importance of improving adherence to IFA supplementation alongside efforts to enhance dietary quality as part of comprehensive anemia prevention strategies in maternal health programs.

The 2023 SKI data shows that conventional complementary feeding is still inappropriate for the 6-11 month age group. Foods high in sugar still make up a large part of commercial complementary foods. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of cold-processed vegan instant complementary foods made from local ingredients, including various types of tomatoes, mushrooms, and seaweed, on infants aged 9-11 months. The study utilized experimental methods with physical test parameters such as water solubility, water absorption, viscosity, and color, as well as proximate tests such as fat content, protein content, water content, ash content, carbohydrate content, and total calories. The research was conducted with one sampling and three tests. The addition of tomatoes, mushrooms, and nori had a significant effect (p<0.050) on protein content (p=0.027), carbohydrate content (p=0.001), total calories (p=0.000), absorbency (p=0.030), viscosity (p=0.000), and color a* (p=0.003) and color b* (p=0.050). The addition of tomato, mushroom, and nori did not have a significant effect (p>0.005) on fat content (p=0.066), ash content (p=0.051), water content (p=0.301), solubility (p=0.107), and L* color (p=0.422). The addition of tomatoes, mushrooms, and seaweed to instant vegan complementary foods has a significant effect on the following parameters: protein content, carbohydrate content, total calories, water absorption, viscosity, and color a* and color b*. The addition of tomatoes, mushrooms, and seaweed to instant vegan complementary foods did not have a significant effect on the following parameters: fat content, ash content, water content, solubility, and L* color.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to inadequate insulin production or impaired insulin utilization. In Indonesia, the prevalence of DM reaches 11.7% in adults, with a significant burden in Batam, particularly at Puskesmas Sei Langkai. This study aims to determine the relationship between physical activity and nutritional status with blood glucose levels in type 2 DM patients aged 45–69 years. This is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design conducted in October 2025, involving 120 respondents selected purposively. Physical activity was measured using a short IPAQ questionnaire and converted to MET-minutes/week, nutritional status was measured using Body Mass Index (BMI), and random blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that the majority of respondents were aged 45–59 years (76.7%), female (70.8%), had a high school education (65.8%), were unemployed (67.5%), and had suffered from DM for 1–5 years (62.5%). Most had moderate physical activity (65.8%) and normal nutritional status (77.5%), but 53.3% had uncontrolled blood glucose levels. Analysis showed a significant negative relationship between physical activity and blood glucose levels (r = -0.305, p = 0.001), while nutritional status showed no significant relationship (r = 0.159, p = 0.083). These findings confirm that physical activity plays an important role in blood glucose control, while nutritional status alone is not the main determining factor. DM management should include regular physical activity, a balanced diet, adherence to therapy, and routine glucose monitoring.

Overweight among adolescents is multifactorial, including lack of physical activity and an unbalanced diet. Adolescents tend to follow trends such as consuming junk food without paying attention to nutritional content. This study aims to examine the factors associated with junk food consumption among adolescents in the Jakarta area. This Study is an observational analysis using a cross-sectional research design. A total 130 respondents

were obtained using the purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires related to respondent characteristics (included gender, age, and pocket money), frequency of junk food consumption was tested using the chi-square test. The results of this tudy indicate that the mmajority of respondents 58,3% often frequently junk food consumption and 41,7% rare frequently junk food consumption. There is significant relationship between gender (p<0.005) and pockey money (p<0.05) with  frequency of junk food consumption on adolescents.

Arsenic contamination from artisanal gold mining poses significant public health and nutritional risks. This cross-sectional study assessed arsenic levels in drinking water and urinary biomarkers among 100 residents of Poboya Village, Central Sulawesi. Eight drinking water sources were tested, and all showed arsenic concentrations far above the permissible limit (>10 µg/L), ranging from 40–70 µg/L. Elevated urinary arsenic levels (≥35 µg/L) were found in 75% of participants. Duration of residence was significantly associated with urinary arsenic concentration (p = 0.026), while occupation, nutritional status, and distance from pollutant sources showed no significant associations. These findings indicate widespread arsenic exposure through contaminated drinking water, underscoring the need for improved water safety and integrated public health and nutrition interventions in the community.

The use of local food ingredients and food by-products can significantly enhance food product diversification. This study explores the development of cookie formulations that incorporate chicken feet bone flour and tofu pulp flour as alternative ingredients. The objective is to assess the sensory acceptance of the resulting cookies. An experimental design was implemented with six cookie formulations: one control and five treatment formulations that varied by the amounts of chicken feet bone flour and tofu pulp flour used. Hedonic testing was conducted with 50 adult panelists to assess various sensory characteristics of the cookies, including colour, aroma, taste, texture, aftertaste, and overall liking. The data from the hedonic tests were statistically analyzed to identify differences in acceptance levels between the formulations. The results indicated significant differences in panelists' acceptance levels for color, aroma, taste, aftertaste, and overall preferences (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were noted among the formulations regarding texture (p > 0.05). The cookies from the treatment formulation with code 849 emerged as the most preferred option among the panelists, containing 12 grams of chicken feet bone flour and 28 grams of tofu pulp flour. This study demonstrates that cookies made with chicken feet bone flour and tofu pulp flour in certain proportions can possess sensory characteristics that are well-received by panelists. The selected formulation shows promise for further development as a food product based on local ingredients.

To investigate environment factor on fat intake among adolescents. Methods: Cross sectional study includes 120 adolescents aged 15 – 18 years old. The instruments consist of the socioeconomic and peer support questionnaire. The fat intake was obtained from the food recall used the 24-food recall form through the multiple-pass methods. Results: There is no significant correlation between peer support and fat intake. Similarly with the father’s education and wealth index, that has been found no significant association with fat intake. Nonetheless, mother’s education showed has significant association with fat intake. Conclusion: Important to make sure the material’s education to regulate the fat intake. However, the education from mother, not only can decrease the fat intake but also has potential to increase the fat intake if it is not accompanied by the education form health professional.